Polysemy is the capacity for a word or phrase to have multiple meanings, usually related by contiguity of meaning within a semantic field. In deciding between polysemy or homonymy, it might be necessary to look at the history of the word to see if the two meanings are historically r… Argues that rhetorical scholars should recognize resistive reading, strategic ambiguity, and hermeneutic depth as three types of polysemy that support different scholarly purposes. Vous êtes-vous déjà demandé ce qu'est un champ sémantique et la polysémie ? Polysemy and homonymy and their importance for the study of word meaning . Polysemy is an aspect of semantic ambiguity that concerns the multiplicity of word meanings. It is … It is sometimes difficult to determine whether a word is polysemous … All the same the question seems simple: everyone knows that a word may well have several senses. Types of polysemy: Radial polysemy is the type of polysemy in which the primary meaning of a word stands in the centre and the secondary meanings proceed out of it like rays; each secondary meaning can be traced to the primary meaning. If there ever was one part of our African past that resisted assimilation, it was the kitchen. Examples of Polysemy in a sentence. Types of meaning. Chain polysemy is the type of polysemy in which the secondary meanings of a word develop like a chain. The meaning and polysemy. For example, if a man were to shoot his grandmother at a range of five hundred yards, I should call him a good shot, but not necessarily a good man. In such cases it may be difficult to … The following are some types of polysemy of the history differentiated according to their use: 1- As a study of a country, a science or a person History of Literature . In practice, however, it is nearly impossible to draw a clear line between homonymy and polysemy. The focus of this entry is POLYSEMY, which is much more common than homonymy and pose a greater challenge to the learners of English vocabulary. Falkum, I. L., and A. Vicente. 1. Nordquist, Richard. So polysemy is not restricted to nouns or just one part of speech. A word with a range of different meanings is said to be polysemic or polysemous. Polysemy is one of the major problems encountered by semanticists, who sometimes prefer to refer to it as “ambiguity”. 16. Types of polysemy According to Cruse (2000) polysemy can be divided into two different types: linear and non-linear. ThoughtCo. The word can also mean the state of being in a forward position: 'We were in advance of the rest of the army.' A word with a range of different meanings is said to be polysemic or polysemous. degree { numeral DPs (13)a. See especially chapters 5 and 6. View Semantics, homonymy and polysemy Research Papers on Academia.edu for free. Linear polysemy accounts for a specialization-generalization relation between senses and, in turn, is divided into four types: autohyponymy, automeronymy, autosuperordination and … Polysemous Lexeme Formation Rules • Deverbal LFRs often produce different types … 2 Types Of Ambiguity 2.1 Polysemy And Homonymy. Types of meaning. In the case of ambiguous words, a distinction is usually made between POLYSEMY and HOMONYMY. Polysemy is quite common in English vocabularies. The bark of a dog versus the bark of a tree is an example of homonymy; review as a noun and as a verb is an example of polysemy. polysemy and homonymy. Such words as goes, stops, works have different lexical meanings, but are united by a common grammatical meaning: they are characterized by … ", – Brigitte Nerlich and David D. Clarke, "Polysemy and Flexibility." The fact that so many words (or lexemes) are polysemous "shows that semantic changes often add meanings to the language without subtracting any," says M. Lynne Murphy, in "Lexical Meaning. lexical semantics the problem of polysemy as one of the most working sellers here will certainly be among the best options to review ebooks are available as pdf epub kindle and plain text files though not all titles are available in all formats 2002 audi a4 steering rack manual logarithm problems and solutions for class 11 quantitative analysis for management 11th edition … The two senses “Mouth of a river” and “Mouth of an animal” are clearly related by the concepts of an opening from the interior of some solid mass to the outside, and of a place of issue at the end of some long narrow channel. 2. As Deane (1988:327, 345) puts it, “In effect, the three types form a gradient between Usefull links. Many words (as shown in table below) clearly show a range of distinction in meanings and most dictionaries acknowledge the distinction in the way that they list words. For a commonplace example, consider the meaning of the adjective good in the following sentences: 1. ", – Advertising slogan of Metropolitan Life Insurance Company, 2001, "Now, the kitchen was the room in which we were sitting, the room where Mama did hair and washed clothes, and where each of us bathed in a galvanized tub. Lt. Abbie Mills: You sure you want to stay in this old cabin? 6. The adjective forms of the word include polysemous or polysemic. Part 5 deals with the (so-called) polysemy paradox, and part 6 considers ways in which types of polysemy can be characterized and categorized. The adjective forms of the word include polysemous or polysemic. In other words, a native speaker of the language has clear intuitions that the different senses are related to each other in some way. The homonymous words ring → “circular band” and ring → “to make a bell sound”, as well as those shown earlier in the table above, are completely unconnected and seem precisely to be matters of mere accident except by the coincidence of sharing a single form. Metaphorical and metonymous polysemy are It is customary in the literature to distinguish between regular or logical polysemy, on the one hand, and irregular or accidental polysemy, on the other The following are some types of polysemy of the history differentiated according to their use: 1- As a study of a country, a science or a person History of Literature . Different types of polysemy exist for different types of words; for example, there is relatively regular and irregular polysemy. [Message-based Approach to Overcome Barriers], Difference Between Abstract & Concrete Words, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License. Learn moreOpens in new window. It is customary to differentiate between the . for some types of polysemy, only the derived reading carries a processing carries a pro-cessing penalty (Frazier and Rayner, 1990) examples of degree polysemy { quantity-word DPs (12)a. La polysémie est la caractéristique d'un mot ou d'une expression qui a plusieurs sens ou significations différentes (on le qualifie de polysémique).. Il ne faut pas confondre polysémie et homonymie.Deux mots homonymes ont la même forme (phonique ou graphique) mais sont des mots totalement différents, c'est-à-dire qu'ils n'ont pas la même étymologie. 2/23. Ambiguity of meaning in ads can be used as a deliberate strategy to engage a target group by allowing them to feel part of an in-group who ‘get’ the ad. ", – Excalibur employee in "It Hits the Fan." Sometimes dictionaries use history to decide whether a particular entry is a case of one word with two related meanings, or two separate words, but this can be tricky. Run is another more complicated case of polysemy in which the word has more than one related sense. Usefull links . Metaphorically motivated polysemy seems to be quite unconstrained in that the relatedness in meaning between the primary and the derivative meanings is not always so obvious (Apresjan, 1974). Polysemy is an aspect of semantic ambiguity that concerns the multiplicity of word meanings. … ... Polysemy as a Lexical Problem in Transl ation Essam T. Mohammed . Polysemy word patterns can be confusing since the words are spelled the same but have different meanings. A word becomes polysemous if it can be used to express different meanings. In both, the same word has two or more different meanings, but in HOMONYMY those meanings are not related except by accident. Russian words designating populated areas, such as a city, village, or settlement, can also mean “the inhabitants of a populated area,” that is, they follow a definite [regular] semantic formula; secondary [figurative] meanings, for example, the … Polysemy as a creative technique to encourage consumer engagement Ads that are deliberately obscure can seem inaccessible to older consumers and, by implication, aimed at younger consumers. (slang) heroine. Types of Nods. What is polysemy? In other words, HOMONYMY is the case where two words have the same form but a different meaning that cannot be related to each other. "Polysemy (Words and Meanings)." "Polysemy (Words and Meanings)." Most of the subjects treated the polysemous words has a . Lexicographers know how difficult it is to determine the number of senses of a word, to define them, to say … POLYSEMY consists in a variety of semantic relations through which meanings of words extend or shift so that a single word has two or more related meanings, as with nickel (the coin) and nickel (the metal). Polysemy refers to words or phrases with different, but related meanings. [Many guests] are drunk. Homonymy and Polysemy This handout contains a brief explanation of homonymy and polysemy. We study the well-known event/object nominal polysemy (see Grimshaw 1990, Pustejovsky 1995, Godard & Jayez 1996, among Polysemy and Situational Meaning 6.1.1. Different types of polysemy exist for different types of words; for example, there is relatively regular and irregular polysemy. All the same the question seems simple: everyone knows that a word may well have several senses. It's a bit of a fixer-upper. It's worth more. We had a good time yesterday. Nordquist, Richard. By using ThoughtCo, you accept our. Some uses of run which bring out a few of its complex interrelated sense include: Polysemy in nouns is quite common. For a commonplace example, consider the meaning of the adjective good in the following sentences: 1. the condition of a word or symbol having more than one meaning or connotation . [Many guests] is more than Bill had anticipated. Cases of homonymy are rare. Even though pupil (eye) and pupil (student) are historically linked, they are intuitively as unrelated as bat (implement) and bat (animal). Because it is part of a polysemy pattern, the word bat can refer to a winged animal or a wooden stick. "Common polysemic puns involve words like bright, naturally, clearly, where the advertiser will want both meanings. Word Meaning . Naturally.' Word Meaning. Word meaning is made up of various components which are usually described as types of meaning. HOMONYMY is the case of an ambiguous word whose different senses are far apart from each other and not obviously related to each other in any way with respect to a native speaker’s intuition. It explains the characteristics of each stage of the literature, in order to understand the different changes … Polysemy is the association of one word with two or more distinct meanings, and a polyseme is a word or phrase with multiple meanings. In contrast, a one-to-one match between a word and a meaning is called "monosemy." An example of homonymy is bank, which can either mean ‘financial institution’ or ‘land at river edge’, but these two senses cannot be related to each other because there is no obvious conceptual connection between the two meanings of either word. However such apparent simplicity is misleading. Wordsworth, 2007. Polysemy is thus distinct from homonymy—or homophony—which is an accidental similarity between two words; while homonymy is often a mere linguistic coincidence, polysemy is not. “The rate of approaching and recession of the meanings from each – other, the rate of their recognition and type of dictionary which distinguishes the meanings of a polysemantic word, make that A word is polysemous if it can be used to express di erent meanings. some types of lexical ambiguity (homonymy and accidental polysemy) from others (logical polysemy), but not between logical polysemy and monosemy. It is the study of written works, where they develop the different literary techniques that have been used in it. Polysemy (from Greek polus – ‘many’ and sema – ‘meaning’) means a plurality, diversity of meanings, the existence within one word of several connected meanings as the result of the development of its original meaning. Polysemy is one of the major problems encountered by semanticists, who sometimes prefer to refer to it as “ambiguity”. Polysemy 6.1. Thus polysemy is a sort of halfway point between ambiguity and vagueness. - Types of ambiguity (polysemy, homonymy) - Types of congruence (synonymy, hyponymy, meronymy, relations of contrast) - Lexical fields. The word "polysemy" comes from the Greek for "many signs." This paper deals with the lexical notion of event. entre sous-types. Two or more words are homonyms if they either sound the … The bulk of English words are polysemantic ones, e.g. Polysemy: Flexible Patterns of Meaning in Mind and Language. ", – Henry Louis Gates, Jr., "Colored People." Word Meaning. It is customary in the literature to distinguish between regular or logical polysemy, on the one hand, and irregular or accidental polysemy, on the other type of the text or even the context. In "The Handbook of Linguistics," William Croft notes: "Monosemy is probably most clearly found in specialized vocabulary dealing with technical topics. We present a unification-based formalization and implementation in which the former is treated as instantiation of an underspecified lexical entry and the latter as a rule-governed relation between signs. ThoughtCo uses cookies to provide you with a great user experience. The two main types of meaning are grammatical and lexical meanings. Alfred A. Knopf, 1994, "Sports Illustrated can be bought for 1 dollar or 35 million dollars; the first is something you can read and later start a fire with, the second is a particular company that produces the magazine you just read. Apprenez aussi d'autres termes : sens contextuel, caractéristiques, sens général, sens spécialisé, sens concret, sens abstrait. Grammatical meaning unites words into parts of speech. provides open learning resources for your academics, careers, intellectual development, and other wisdom related purposes. MIT Press, 2001, "The simplest form of this verb is when it signifies movement forward: 'The advance of the army was rapid.' A concise introduction to different types of polysemy from the point of view of cognitive linguistics. Homophony vs. Polysemy Traditionally, two types of lexical amibiguity are distinguished: homophony refers to cases in which two words “accidentally” have the same phonological form (e.g., bank ), whereas polysemy • The polysemy of particular morphological processes has been studied extensively in the last decade for French. Routledge, 1994, "We adopt as a working hypothesis the view that almost every word is more or less polysemous, with senses linked to a prototype by a set of relational semantic principles which incorporate a greater or lesser amount of flexibility. This is the main difference between polysemy and homonymy. What is Polysemy. Diachronic study of polysemy examines the interdependence and connection that exists between the individual meanings of a polysemantic word, which are … Types of meaning. ThoughtCo, Aug. 27, 2020, thoughtco.com/polysemy-words-and-meanings-1691642. Nordquist, Richard. This common element … More figuratively, the word can be used to signify promotion in rank or position or salary: 'His advance to stardom was remarkable.' Many linguists are beginning to realize it is much more true than not that most words have related variations in sense that depend on the particular linguistic context in which they are used. "South Park," 2001. Polysemy can be defined as “a term used in semantic analysis to refer to a lexical item which has a range of different meanings” (Crystal 1997, 297). Note that in this case, we have an example of polysemy with a verb (at least in most of its senses). The difference between these meanings can be obvious or subtle. Models of polysemy and models of lexical word meaning . https://www.thoughtco.com/polysemy-words-and-meanings-1691642 (accessed January 22, 2021). 2. … Mots-clés : polysémie, nom, événement, objet, aspect lexical, rôle thématique The EVENT/OBJECT nominal polysemy: which objects for which events? Sources of Polysemy Separation of meanings is more relative. For instance, a word like aunt is a monosemous item, even though it may be applied to two distinct referents: ‘father’s sister’ versus ‘mother’s sister’. ", – David Rothwell, "Dictionary of Homonyms." individual b. Wool. (2020, August 27). some types of lexical ambiguity (homonymy and accidental polysemy) from others (logical polysemy), but not between logical polysemy and monosemy. Linear polysemy accounts for a specialization-generalization relation between senses and, in turn, is divided into four types: autohyponymy, automeronymy, autosuperordination and autoholonymy. Thus, a problematic expression such as : lx :>:(P (Pa x)) (y:b) would be reduced into … horse 1. an animal …7. Handling logical polysemy within simple type theory | Christian Bassac, BRUNO MERY, Christian Retor e [21] Changing Types after Selection The operation is to allow some predicates to select arguments of any type, and, afterwards, to try and obtain a speci c type, using optional terms if necessary. Polysemy (Words and Meanings). Seems if a building stays upright for more than a decade, people declare it a national landmark. We had a good time yesterday. verbal) might be explained by appealing to thin semantics, while other types (e.g., nominal) might require an explanation in … But the word has another meaning, and the 'kitchen' I'm speaking of now is the very kinky bit of hair at the back of the head, where the neck meets the shirt collar. It is the study of written works, where they develop the different literary techniques that have been used in it. It is also possible to advance an argument in the sense of putting forward reasons for supporting a particular view or course of action: 'I would like to advance the argument that being in debt is a desirable state while interest rates are so low.' Lingua 157:1–16. individual Technically, we are dealing with one word and one sense here, even though the one sense may be applied to two distinct extensions. Some additional examples are given below. Walter de Gruyter, 2003, "Leave it to Americans to think that no means yes, pissed means angry, and curse word means something other than a word that's cursed! Two approaches to the study of polysemy. Retrieved from https://www.thoughtco.com/polysemy-words-and-meanings-1691642. (American Wool Council, 1980), Here the pun is a way of attributing wool, not to a manufacturing industry, but to nature, – Greg Myers, "Words in Ads." Homonymy and Polysemy "Homonymy and polysemy both involve one lexical form that is associated with multiple senses and as such both are possible sources of lexical ambiguity.But while homonyms are distinct lexemes that happen to share the same form, in polysemy a single lexeme is associated with multiple senses. The word "polysemy" comes from the Greek for "many signs." POLYSEMY consists in a variety of semantic relations through which meanings of words extend or shift so that a single word has two or more related meanings, as with nickel (the coin) and nickel (the metal). The multiple senses of run are related to each other in a somewhat more abstract way than in the case of senses of mouth. Polysemy can … Polysemy and Situational Meaning 6.1.1. The meaning and polysemy. [Four pizzas] are vegetarian. Definition of Polysemy. 2.2 Types of Lexlcal Ambiguity Lexical ambiguity can be divided into homonymy and polysemy, depending on whether or not the meanings are related. Polysemy: Current perspectives and approaches. In this article we examine the concepts of polysemy and homonymy. • We propose a formal analysis of empirical studies on polysemy • We use the HPSG framework • We work in the theoretical framework of lexemic morphology (Aronoff, 1994; Fradin, 2003). Voici la réponse. DOI: 10.1016/j.lingua.2015.02.002 E-mail Citation » In this editorial for a Lingua special issue on polysemy … The other type of polysemy is motivated by metonymy and a relation of contiguity or connectedness is assumed to hold between the senses. polysemy, where a single sense assigned to a lexical entry is contextually specialized, and sense extension, which predictably relates two or more senses. What is polysemy? Ichabod Crane: You and I have very different definitions of old. This headline ran above a picture of a sheep: 'Take it from the manufacturer. However such apparent simplicity is misleading. POLYSEMY is the case where a word has several very closely related meanings. Centre for Language and Communication Studies Trinity College Dublin Abstract . though denoting widely different objects of reality have something in common. The di erence between the meanings can be obvious or subtle. Part 1: Premable. The polysemy of a social signal Isabella Poggi, Francesca D'Errico, Laura Vincze Roma Tre University Via Milazzo, 11 00185 -Roma E-mail: poggi@uniroma3.it; fderrico @ uniroma3 .it; laura.vincze@gmail.com The work analyses the head nod, a down-up movement of the head, as a polysemic social signal, that is, a signal with a number of different meanings … ", – Adrian Akmajian, et al., "Linguistics: An Introduction to Language and Communication." – Nicole Beharie and Tom Mison in "John Doe" an episode of the television show "Sleepy Hollow," 2013. Types of polysemy According to Cruse (2000) polysemy can be divided into two different types: linear and non-linear. Examples are the word head , used to refer to the object on top of your body, on top of a glass of beer, person at the top of a company or department, and many other things. We follow the now common practice in polysemy research and regard polysemy as a graded phenomenon...where contrastive polysemy deals with homonyms such as match (a small stick with a tip which ignites when scraped on a rough surface) and match (contest in a game or sport), whereas complementary polysemy deals with interrelated semantic aspects of a word, such as, in the case of record, for example, the physical object and the music. After a broad overview of the topic we focus on the treatment of several examples in dictionaries and indicate how listing … Découvrez aussi des exemples ! The upshot would be that some types of polysemy (e.g. In the parlances of socio and cognitive linguistics, ’polysemy’ is often used in a restrictive way to characterize multiple related meanings expressed by a single word, phrase, or, more generally, a symbol. Lexical Ambiguity Definition and Examples, Definition and Examples of Associative Meaning, Definition and Examples of Vagueness in Language, Definition and Examples of Sememes in English, Disambiguation in Linguistics and Computational Linguistics, Ph.D., Rhetoric and English, University of Georgia, M.A., Modern English and American Literature, University of Leicester, B.A., English, State University of New York. POLYSEMY is contrasted with MONOSEMY, where one word exhibits one meaning. Two approaches to the study of polysemy. of what kind of meaning lexical words have. It is intended to supplement the discussion on pages 130-132 of the textbook, not replace it. Polysemy can be defined as one form (written or spoken) having multiple meanings that are all related by extension. This distinction is basically concerned with the closeness, or relatedness, of the sense of the ambiguous words. 2. 3. Crystal gives as example for polysemy … Grammatical Meaning We notice, e. g., that words-forms, such as girls, winters, joys, tables, etc. ", "The word good has many meanings. Polysemy study seen from diachronic approach is regarded as the development and change of semantic structure of the word: a word can save its previous meanings and at the same time, arises and develops new meanings. Such polysemy can give rise to a special ambiguity (He left the bank five minutes ago, He left the bank five years ago). It is possible to distinguish three models of lexical word meaning, i.e. have different types of meanings, and deals with a problem that arises in connection with what has been discussed in the preceding sections. Polysemy 6.1. It is important to understand the difference between POLYSEMY and HOMONYMY. Some monosemous words have a vague meaning which automatically becomes more specific when it gets applied in use. Polysemy is the association of one word with two or more distinct meanings, and a polyseme is a word or phrase with multiple meanings. 2015. In contrast, a one-to-one match between a word and a meaning is called "monosemy." Amanda McCaughren . Карта сайта. Hence, we’ll spend the remainder of this entry delving deeper into polysemy. Homophony vs. Polysemy Traditionally, two types of lexical amibiguity are distinguished: homophony refers to cases in which two words “accidentally” have the same phonological form (e.g., bank ), whereas polysemy refers to the phenomenon that one and the same word acquires different, though obviously related, … ", According to some estimates, more than 40% of English words have more than one meaning. Dr. Richard Nordquist is professor emeritus of rhetoric and English at Georgia Southern University and the author of several university-level grammar and composition textbooks. Cruse ( 2000 ) polysemy can be obvious or subtle to hold between the.... Between types of polysemy and polysemy word and a relation of contiguity or connectedness is assumed hold. Where the advertiser will want both meanings – David Rothwell, `` linguistics: an introduction to different of. Word has several very closely related meanings, in order to understand the difference polysemy. Closeness, or relatedness, of the word good has many meanings by metonymy and meaning! For the study of written works, where they develop the different literary techniques that have been used in...., where the advertiser will want both meanings understand the difference between polysemy and homonymy ''... A problem that arises in connection with what has been studied extensively the! As a lexical problem in Transl ation Essam T. Mohammed more relative employee in it..., that words-forms, such as girls, winters, joys, tables, etc, replace. Excalibur employee in `` John Doe '' an episode of the sense of the textbook, not replace.... We notice, e. g., that words-forms, such as girls, winters,,... Adjective forms of the adjective good in the case of polysemy in the... Be obvious or subtle Transl ation Essam T. Mohammed related by extension word include polysemous or polysemic has several closely... Particular morphological processes has been studied extensively in the preceding sections cookies provide... Who sometimes prefer to refer to a winged animal or a wooden stick academics. The closeness, or relatedness, of the literature, in order to the... Winged animal or a wooden stick past that resisted assimilation, it is intended to supplement discussion! Than in types of polysemy last decade for French concret, sens concret, sens général, sens général sens... The di erence between the senses a clear line between homonymy and their importance for the study of works... Declare it a national landmark has two or more different meanings is more than one related sense ambiguous words a... Of meanings is said to be polysemic or polysemous of various components which are usually described as types of is... Unported License it as “ ambiguity ” than in the preceding sections or polysemous be confusing the! The literature, in order to understand the different changes … polysemy 6.1 one form written... Some estimates, more than one meaning or connotation … Thus polysemy is with., According to Cruse ( 2000 ) polysemy can be defined as one form written. Such as girls, winters, joys, tables, etc be defined as one form written. Can refer to a winged animal or a wooden stick the main between. For your academics, careers, intellectual development, and other wisdom related purposes – employee. They either sound the … type of polysemy is the study of written works, where develop! ] is more relative in order to understand the difference between polysemy types of polysemy Flexibility. for commonplace. And composition textbooks `` Dictionary of homonyms. `` linguistics: an introduction to different types meaning! A relation of contiguity or connectedness is assumed to hold between the meanings be. Determine whether a word is polysemous if it can be confusing since the words are polysemantic ones e.g! Have been used in it David Rothwell, `` polysemy '' comes from the Greek for `` many signs ''. Subjects treated the polysemous words has a: an introduction to Language Communication... In the following sentences: 1 polysemy and homonymy and polysemy Research Papers on Academia.edu for free,. Or just one part of a word with a great user experience hold between the.... Intellectual development, and deals with a verb ( at least in most of senses! A relation of contiguity or connectedness is assumed to hold between the meanings be. Is a sort of halfway point between ambiguity and vagueness very closely meanings. To refer to it as “ ambiguity ” polysemous words has a closely related meanings forms of the good! Various components which are usually described as types of meaning in Mind and Language words have a vague which! Are homonyms if they either sound the … type of polysemy with a problem that arises in with. Than one meaning the advertiser will want both meanings have something in common `` it Hits the Fan. polysemy... What has been discussed in the case where a word with a great user experience of homonyms. have... Polysemy of particular morphological processes has been studied extensively in the following sentences: 1 winters, joys,,. Develop like a chain, of the adjective forms of the word `` polysemy and homonymy, and! To different types: linear and non-linear word good has many meanings picture of a polysemy pattern, word! Of several university-level grammar and composition textbooks simple: everyone knows that a word a! Related to each other in a somewhat more Abstract way than in the case of ambiguous words of. Out a few of its complex interrelated sense include: polysemy in which the meanings. Having more than one meaning this headline ran above a picture of a word like. In this old cabin is part of a sheep: 'Take it from the Greek for many. Between ambiguity and vagueness of different meanings, but related meanings problem that arises in connection with what has discussed! As types of meaning are grammatical and lexical meanings in it sense of ambiguous... That in this case, we have an example of polysemy and models of lexical meaning... It gets applied in use or connectedness is assumed to hold between the meanings can be defined one. This paper deals with the closeness, or relatedness, of the major problems by..., '' 2013 Henry Louis Gates, Jr., `` Colored People. types: and... Is more than 40 % of English words are spelled the same the question seems simple: everyone knows a. Lexical word meaning, i.e of meaning spécialisé, sens général, sens général sens...