Monday-Friday 8am-5pm Closed County Holidays 204 S Highlander Way Suite 1 Howell, MI& 48843 Map to our location Phone: 517.548.1000 District Court Probation Phone: 517.546.5950 Fax: 517.548.9445 DNR Fines * Fees are approximate and subject to change. Driving Civil Infractions Methods of Payment Pay Tickets Online Note: If ticket was issued in Construction Zone, fine is doubled. Max Out: The Rise in Prison Inmates Releases Without Supervision (The Pew Charitable Trusts, June 2014), https://perma.cc/4CKB-4N6R. For general law enforcement questions call 517-284-6000 or email DNR-Lawenforcement@michigan.gov. [g] State & Federal Rights & Privileges Lost upon Conviction of a Felony (Michigan Department of Civil Rights), https://perma.cc/3KNF-MT79. [14] Felonies are distinct from misdemeanors, although some crimes such as domestic abuse and drunk driving can be prosecuted as misdemeanors for the first offense and as felonies for subsequent offenses. Visit the grants home page by clicking on the button above, or view a specific area of interest below: Accessible recreation opportunities in Michigan, All DNR-related boards, committees, and advisory groups, Find seasonal, part-time and full-time job openings with the DNR, information about volunteer and donation opportunities. USE THE BUTTON ABOVE TO VISIT THE ORV HOMEPAGE or go directly to you area of interest below: Information on DNR shooting and archery ranges, rules and regulations, resources to get started and more. Nor do they necessarily enjoy many of the constitutional protections afforded defendants in criminal prosecutions, such as state-appointed counsel, the Fifth Amendment right to remain silent or the Sixth Amendment right to a speedy trial or jury trial. Estimates suggest that there are around 1,200 felonies on the books in Michigan. DNR educators provide classroom lessons, field trip opportunities, professional development and experiential programs to teachers around the state. Volunteer Opportunities; (1) A person who violates this part, if the amount of the litter is less than 1 cubic foot in volume, is responsible for a state civil infraction and is subject to a civil fine of not more than $800.00. Entering state-operated public boating access . [e] The most common misdemeanors are things like low-level assault, vandalism and shoplifting. 986 0 obj <>stream Rule 4.101 - Civil Infraction Actions (A) Citation; Complaint; Summons; Warrant. The Wildlife Conservation Order and Fisheries Orders contain full listings of regulations and legal descriptions, including the boundaries of management units for each species during their regular hunting or fishing seasons. hb```"SV ,@Q \Ljy(VulfzL\g` h`b3@ub1H?.% NMb{t}o'c PW00qLk1~ %!|FN %6 32 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<95EF00071AFA02C3F795E00F9ECB3632><336F78E4F96BEB4C8ECF26EC9F745A8A>]/Index[14 28]/Info 13 0 R/Length 87/Prev 66519/Root 15 0 R/Size 42/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream 324.8905a Violation as state civil infraction; civil fine; default remedies; exception. [m] Generally, the minimum is set by a judge with help from the Michigan Sentencing Guidelines, while the maximum is established in the statute that defines the felony crime. Driving 16 MPH or faster over the limit. ]9lqYW58ye|F&U#9&Fxg~Gu)I $Dh+T*.$)h=1eY$QgbE When an enforcement officer detects that a civil infraction has been committed, he initiates legal proceedings against the offender on behalf of the state or municipality that employs him by issuing the offender a citation, more commonly known as a ticket. Calendars: controlled substance is a state civil infraction with a maximum penalty of $1,000. 2023 Mackinac Center for Public Policy, Chapter V: The Process of Administering Criminal Justice. /_cdn/apps/filter-list/v1/views/filter-list-table.tmpl.html, Title,Fee or Action,Points,Civil_x0020_Infraction_x0020_or_, Title,Description;Civil_x0020_Infraction_x0020_or_,Civil Infraction or Misdemeanor. I>n$8 @9 0`:Sm u$ U@n )4 Pressroom 0 Please view our directory listingfor general contact information. hb```f``b`a`8 @ p?aETW? For instance, two counts of B&E resulting in two 5-10 year sentences served concurrently means that the offender will serve a maximum of 10 years. Click the box above for tips and tricks to fill your basket. Previously, each was a misdemeanor, meaning violators could be published by up to 90 days in jail and a $500 fine. Central D67. [s] For more details about these and for examples of others, here is a list of civil infractions enforced by the city of East Lansing: Civil Infraction Fines (East Lansing City Hall, 2018), https://perma.cc/XC4R-465L. USE THE BUTTON ABOVE TO VISIT THE ORV HOMEPAGE or go directly to you area of interest below: Information on DNR shooting and archery ranges, rules and regulations, resources to get started and more. [25], Courts usually make it possible to answer the summons by filing forms in lieu of physically appearing in court. hbbd``b`$g3 r \ . Hunting Digest All Digests Recreation Rules & Regulations Boating ORV/ATV Riding Snowmobiling Camping Baiting and feeding %%EOF USE THE BUTTON ABOVE TO VISIT THE WINTER FUN HOMEPAGE or go directly to you area of interest below: Find facility info, overnight info, an event calendar and much more. Use the button above to visit the fishing home page, or go directly to your area of interest below: Get all your hunting information here, including hunting season dates, rules and regulations, and much more. Gretchen Whitmer signed legislation this week decriminalizing penalties for anglers who use unmarked tip-ups or who use more fishing lines than allowed. Public Meetings; A moving violation consists of any act or omission that is prohibited under the Michigan Motor vehicle Code (MVC) or conduct prohibited by a local ordinance consistent with the MVC that is punishable by a fine. Local governments are not allowed to pass ordinances that conflict with state law or that regulate an area that has been pre-empted by state law, such as the right to own a firearm. $200 to $1,000 fine and 5 to 90 days in jail, restitution of $1,500 for bear, $1,000 for deer/turkey, plus revocation of hunting licenses . Hunters who trap animals must have a fur harvester license. Click the box above to see all species, or click the species group below. The law will reclassify the ice fishing violations for failing to attach a name and address to tip ups and fishing with more lines than authorized. [n] However, the guidelines are advisory and judges have discretion to depart from the recommended range and impose a different minimum sentence than the one within the range indicated by the guidelines score. $50 to $500 fine and/or up to 90 days in jail. | [f] MCL 117.3(k) empowers cities to adopt ordinances that correspond to state misdemeanors. Click the box above to see all our offerings, or click the program below. Bmse Fine amounts are subject to change and do not include any late fees incurred. endstream endobj 962 0 obj <. Table Summarizing Civil Infraction Fines, Costs, & Assessments In general, a person found responsible or responsible "with explanation" for a civil infraction under the MVC or a local ordinance substantially corresponding to a provision of the MVC must pay costs as provided in MCL 257.907(4) and pay a civil fine of not more than $100.00. I>n$8 @9 0`:Sm u$ U@n )4 %%EOF 8JZcV00R2kK*5T@Tali2t,mLNedwicXeIf#H [k] MCL 777.31-49a contains the variables that need to be considered for making sentencing determinations. People v. Wright holds that a prison sentence must be truly indeterminate and concludes that the Michigan Legislature intends to provide a meaningful interval between the minimum and maximum sentences imposed. People v Wright 432 Mich 84 (1989). . [o], Michigan has a truth in sentencing law that requires felons to serve the entirety of their determined minimum sentence, without exception. Dn*Y3^31v!PlR6(+,j{b|#u?.W|&*nbi0){!5y ) [5FshyY-"$SxMpUx~f)QCd:v4(HO(v!UGb }}t``b2g6Zh/?,$gU\=. [i] MCL 777.5. Click the box above to learn more about Michigan's state forests. Lawmakers said those penalties were excessive. The web Browser you are currently using is unsupported, and some features of this site may not work as intended. | https://dev.michigan.local/som/json?sc_device=json, Mandatory Penalties for Certain Hunting Violations, Go to Ralph A. MacMullan Conference Center, Carl T. Johnson Hunting and Fishing Center, Fisheries Division Citizens Advisory Committees, Michigan History Center Commissions & Committees, Northern Lake Michigan Islands Collaborative, Pigeon River Country Equestrian Committee, Timber and Forest Products Advisory Council, Upper Peninsula Citizens' Advisory Councils, Go to Recreational safety and hunter education, Natural and Historical Education Resources for Home, Cultural & Scientific Collectors Permit (Fisheries), Collaborative Forest Management: The Good Neighbor Authority, Assistance for Private Forest Land Owners, County and Municipal Law Enforcement Information, Violation of permits, season, bag limits, shooting hours and methods of taking game, $50 to $500 fine and/or up to 90 days in jail, Illegal taking/possession of deer, bear or wild turkey, $200 to $1,000 fine and 5 to 90 days in jail, restitution of $1,500 for bear, $1,000 for deer/turkey, plus revocation of hunting licenses for remainder of year convicted, plus next three consecutive years, Illegal use of artificial light with bow and arrow, crossbow or firearm, $100 to $500 fine and/or 90 days in jail, plus revocation of hunting licenses for remainder of year convicted, plus next consecutive year, Carrying a firearm while under the influence of alcohol or drugs, Multiple offender: three convictions within preceding five years, $500 to $2,000 fine and 10 to 180 days in jail. For Commercial Vehicle violations or others not listed, please contact the 52-3 District Court. [p] Michigans truth in sentencing law was enacted in 1998. Truth in Sentencing Information (Michigan Department of Corrections, 2018), https://perma.cc/Z3RT-JBTF. ZZ8sDdW<>4} Note that the fact that a crime is punishable by incarceration does not mean that all or even most misdemeanants will serve time. [n] Pursuant to MCL 769.34, judges may not impose a minimum sentence that exceeds two-thirds of the maximum penalty contained in the criminal statute. Please view our directory listingfor general contact information. For more information, see: Municipal Prosecution: Distribution of Fines and Costs (Michigan Municipal League, Nov. 2007), https://perma.cc/UFF3-UAP6. 600.8727 Municipal civil infraction; civil fine, costs, justice system assessments, damages, and expenses. Concurrent sentencing is the norm in Michigan, so generally a defendant convicted of multiple counts or multiple crimes arising from the same incident will receive multiple prison sentences and serve the sentences concurrently (People v Alvarado, 192 Mich App 718 (1992); People v Lee, 233 Mich App 403, 405 (1999)). MCL 333.27402. It subjects misdemeanants to the supervision of the court for a set term of weeks or months. 3PsMU:r*P|(DJ2g)E7e=Go Other life sentences allow for the possibility of parole after 15 years (if the crime was committed after Oct. 1, 1992; otherwise it is 10 years). (2) If a defendant is determined to be responsible or responsible . [d] Generally, misdemeanors are characterized as less serious crimes and carry a lighter penalties than felonies. 7BJCK!zY =ol6M `8Ayq."4x@8a UpN'$AEYkV~G?m&v/&AP]"hRu4y lYMkMJDk&aZ)K7D["-DR2/l`zsFR$UckdE,x E"Q*yKGsMF+e n9v%yqth=i1 CH;HO+ (c) Set a fire to the contents of a trash container. LANSING, Mich. (WJRT) - Hunters and fisherman accused of a few minor violations will face a ticket rather than misdemeanor charges. Public Meetings; You have permission to edit this article. 140 W. Main Street Midland, MI 48640 P.O. The suspect was issued a civil infraction for littering and CO Evink made sure the site was restored to the property owner's expectations. endstream endobj 18 0 obj <>stream Magistrates make a decision based on the preponderance of the evidence; appeals are heard by judges. controlled substance is a state civil infraction with a maximum penalty of $1,000. Violation. [j] A crimes class indicates the maximum recommended penalty an individual should serve if convicted. [r] Offenders serving mandatory life sentences can never be paroled without a commutation or pardon from the governor. Republican State Rep. Steve Johnson of Wayland sponsored House Bill 4151, which reduces the penalty for failing to display a hunting, fishing or fur trapping license when requested by authorities. endstream endobj startxref Act 236 of 1961. 351 0 obj <> endobj Michigan DNR, MSP, and Lake State Railroad to educate snowmobilers to stay off the railroad tracks that run from Grayling to Gaylord. Please note: By law, court personnel are barred from giving legal advice. Gretchen Whitmer signed bills Wednesday that decriminalize some violations from misdemeanors down to civil infractions. %PDF-1.5 % Find camping and overnight lodging options, reservation info, rules and regulations and more. Gov. USE THE BUTTON ABOVE TO VISIT THE CAMPING HOMEPAGE or go directly to you area of interest below: Get all your fishing information here, including rules and regulations, license info, the weekly fishing report and much more. Click the box above to see all our offerings, or click the program below. DNR educators across the state provide fun, educational activities, programs and workshops year-round for adults, families and kids. Dealer failing to provide customers with DNR documents containing PWC laws and safety features. Call Court for amount. However, Michigan law contains several mandatory minimums, which require judges to impose minimum sentences that are specified in law, rather than calculated to fit an individual defendants circumstances. The Michigan Supreme Court provides these links . | endstream endobj 19 0 obj <>stream n NeZw0K`PV} @gT0 [g], There are six groups of felony crimes in Michigan. The eight felony classes used for the purposes of sentencing are not indicated in individual criminal statutes in fact, the Legislature did not devise the crime classes; rather, they are a feature of the Michigan Sentencing Guidelines, which guide judicial decisions about appropriate sentences for a given crime. The only relevant factor would be the fact that his vehicle was moving faster than traffic laws allow. Violating a rule or order promulgated for protection of state lands. In determining whether to hold a driver responsible for speeding, the court would not ask whether the driver knew he was exceeding the speed limit or whether he meant to exceed it. In most cases, the sentence is expressed as a term of years that range from a minimum sentence to a maximum sentence. Use the button above to visit the fishing home page, or go directly to your area of interest below: Get all your hunting information here, including hunting season dates, rules and regulations, and much more. Please update to a modern browser such as Chrome, Firefox or Edge to experience all features Michigan.gov has to offer. Cookie Settings/Do Not Sell My Personal Information. If so, the court would hold the driver strictly liable for the civil infraction of speeding. [18], The Michigan Sentencing Guidelines provide a range of recommended minimum sentences for an offender by accounting for an individuals criminal history and the severity and circumstances of his crime. hbbd``b`Z$ k@\+DxF 9p@RDe) @He`bde`$@g L % For a full listing of help desk numbers, field offices, and other ways we can help, please visit our contact page. Penalty. Failure to yield for an emergency vehicle. [23] Some state civil infractions exist for failing to immediately disclose a concealed weapon when stopped by a law enforcement officer, improperly displaying a boat registration decal, and failing to complete a safety course prior to operating an off-road vehicle. DNR forest resources professionals maintain healthy forests, manage wildfire, maintain responsible harvesting certifications and improve wildlife habitat. Use the button above to visit the hunting home page, or go directly to your area of interest below: Find ORV license and permit info, maps, rules and regulations and more. | But there are exceptions to this rule. In these cases, the prosecution only has to demonstrate that the preponderance of evidence indicates that the accused violated the rule in order to hold him responsible. Misdemeanors. Each offense is now a civil infraction publishable by a $150 fine. Michigan Department of Natural Resources Page 1 Law Enforcement Division Rev. Sec. You may be trying to access this site from a secured browser on the server. VfM`!WAl0]V/$_Ja`bd`|e`%@g`d= ` k Information regarding the number of points assessed are given as a courtesy, however, the court has no jurisdiction over the number of points assessed (updated 12-27-18). Maximum fine $100. %%EOF Penalties were also eased for failing to produce a fishing, trapping or hunting license when asked by law enforcement. Gretchen Whitmer signed bills Wednesday that decriminalize some violations from misdemeanors down to civil infractions. [a] Common law offenses are recognized but not specifically enumerated in statute. In addition to full time positions, we also hire many seasonal positions including park workers, interpreters, rangers, wildlife workers and more. For more information, see: Criminal Proceedings Benchbook: Volume 2 (Michigan Judicial Institute, 2018), 322, 323, https://perma.cc/9RYF-8F8B. State park, historic sites and visitor center events. Date 09/14/2017 This list contains some of the commonly encountered wildlife law violations. Michigan Department of Natural Resources The new rules haven't even been through their first deer hunting season, but lawmakers are already pushing for change. hb```f ea8 200faag8 Sec. Bmse [t], The strength of evidence, or standard of proof, that a judge needs to make a decision about whether an individual is responsible for a civil infraction differs from the evidence needed to assign guilt in a criminal case. | Also, one additional point will be assessed by Michigan Secretary of State if issued in a construction zone. The Michigan Legislature Website is a free service of the Legislative Internet Technology Team in cooperation with the Michigan Legislative Council, the Michigan House of Representatives, and the Michigan Senate. House Bill 6354 would knock the. Community Rules apply to all content you upload or otherwise submit to this site. Anyone older than 17 must have a valid fishing license. DNR educators provide classroom lessons, field trip opportunities, professional development and experiential programs to teachers around the state. Title: Microsoft Word - MICHIGAN+BOATING+CIVIL+INFRACTIONS.docx 28.519 . Class H: Only jail or other intermediate sanction. The new eased penalties take immediate effect. Previously, prison inmates could earn disciplinary or good time credits, which reward an inmate for good behavior by shortening his minimum sentence. Because the same type of crime can result in a varying degree of harm, many crimes span multiple classes. [h] In 2012, only 7 percent of Michigan inmates released from prison maxed out, or served their entire maximum sentence before being released. 961 0 obj <> endobj 374 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<7061369F0D381A248645C71CDACCC4BB>]/Index[351 81]/Info 350 0 R/Length 112/Prev 133517/Root 352 0 R/Size 432/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream We administer grants that enable our local partners to promote the lifestyles we all enjoy by providing recreational opportunities, enhancing wildlife habitat and ensuring public safety. USE THE BUTTON ABOVE TO VISIT THE RAM HOMEPAGE or go directly to you area of interest below: Visitor Centers across the state provide education programs, field trips, archery, fishing, trails and much more. MCL 791.235; MCL 791.231a. . Some criminal statutes specify that the sentences for certain crimes must be served consecutively, not concurrently, with a sentence for another crime. Violating a rule or order promulgated for protection of state lands. \b]MD|_G|Cy|.ml&y&>uSl323Qj}]C{JJ>j%`=ikgHMIQA0j+i$R\TK~9W3?;80b]mMCGk.H8^nz8au+7?K\l? However, with some fishing law violations, the penalty is clearly harsher than necessary, threatening a criminal record and jail time for small errors.". /courts/district/_api/Web/Lists(guid'3785fd7a-e340-47a0-a961-028bcd93d6ca'), Court Hearing Schedule (Circuit, District, Probate), Lookup Court Records, Schedules or Pay Fees, Landlord Tenant Information and Resources, Improper/ fail to display decal on snowmobile, Possess Waterfowl - untagged/improper tag, Hunt Waterfowl w/unplugged/unlawful firearm, Trap/possess animal-No license in possession, Use another/allow another to use License, Transport/possess firearm/ammo - 5 day quiet period, Use/possess untagged traps/tag requirement, Violate rules related to snaring fox/coyote, Unattended fish line/over 6 hooks or 3 lines, Fish/possess fish - no license in possession, Building fire except in designated areas. Operating a vehicle while visibly impaired. (1) A person who violates this part, if the amount of the litter is less than 1 cubic foot in volume, is responsible for a state civil infraction and is subject to a civil fine of not more than $800.00. 4-Point Violations In Michigan, violations worth 4 points are slightly less severe. 8905a. HlT0+l(BtIB.dI/e0#zs$p?~/m_stt%C'?$2|^;M{/^%5 [24] Municipal civil infractions could include littering, keeping an overgrown lawn or making excessive noise. Copper Harbor among nations top ice fishing spots, Bay City winter fest features ice fishing, snowshoeing, Ohio mayors bizarre ice fishing claim draws scorn. [r], Civil infractions are statutory violations that are different from crimes. | 0 MICHIGAN PUBLIC ACCESS SITES AND HARBORS - STATE LAND RULES . View Notices for Electronic & Special Meetings, Fines and Costs for Civil Infractions - Effective June 1, 2022 (PDF), Domestic Animals and Fowl 1st Offense (4-4), Handicap / Disabled Parking (257.674 {1} {s}), Disobey Traffic Signal (257.612) (257.614), Littering (14-32, 14-33, 14-34, 14-35, 14-37, 14-38), Maximum Licensed Occupancy (ES1010.1;50-33(e)), Property Maintenance Regulations Enforcement (ES1010.3-ES1010.8), Registration / Expired Plate / No Plate / No Plate on Cycle / No Valid Plate / Operating Unlicensed Vehicle on Road (257.255), Sell or Furnish Alcohol to Person under 21 (436.1701). | Misdemeanors contained in state statutes are enforced by local and state police and processed in district court. Interstate Highway, US 127 Other Violations All Other Traffic Civil Infractions Not Identified Above All other municipal civil infractions will have a fine and cost of $210 and 0 points awarded unless otherwise specified in the City Code. Rather than face jail time, violators will face a ticket with a. Calendars: A good example of a strict-liability offense is exceeding the speed limit in a vehicle. Misdemeanors can also result in some loss of rights as well, though these are typically smaller and more closely tied to the nature of the offense. About 2023 Advance Local Media LLC. Crimes against a person, such as kidnapping, armed robbery and criminal sexual conduct; Crimes against property, such as retail fraud, forgery and larceny; Crimes involving a controlled substance, such as illegally selling prescription drugs and manufacturing controlled substances or imitations of controlled substances; Crimes against public order, such as identity theft, refusal to support spouse or children and falsely reporting a felony; Crimes against public safety, such as operating a vehicle while intoxicated and fleeing a police officer; Crimes against public trust, such as embezzlement and bribery. Contact, (989) 631-0900 Department of Natural Resources. The bills were sponsored by Rep. John N. Damoose, R-Harbor Springs, and Rep. Steven Johnson, R-Wayland. Local ordinance violations are commonly punishable by probation and up to 93 days in jail or up to a $500 fine or both. Damoose said the penalties were clearly harsher than necessary, threatening a criminal record and jail time for small errors.. The rules of procedure and evidence apply, and decisions are reached based on the preponderance of the evidence. 977 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<919B2715CF0481478CB8C5D455C2E042>]/Index[961 26]/Info 960 0 R/Length 83/Prev 126810/Root 962 0 R/Size 987/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream The information posted on this website may include hypertext links to external websites and/or references to information or services created and maintained by other public and/or private organizations. . @$f ,j9`?m &$ Effective 6/27/00. endstream endobj 352 0 obj <> endobj 353 0 obj <> endobj 354 0 obj <>stream Email DNR-LED-Employment-Training@michigan.gov for information related to conservation officer hiring, training or legal questions. Both practices remain illegal, but the the penalties are reduced. [o] The guidelines were originally designed to be mandatory and executed that way, but became advisory after the state supreme court decided in People v. Lockridge that this system of mandatory minimum sentencing violates the Sixth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution (People v Lockridge, 498 Mich 358 (2015)). [k] People convicted of a felony are investigated by the Michigan Department of Corrections prior to sentencing to help the judge determine an appropriate sentence. Classes & Workshops; Click the box above to see all our offerings, or click the program below. [20], Civil infractions are a relatively new invention: They were created by the Legislature in 1978 as a practical resolution of the difficulties and costs involved in providing a right to trial by jury for violations of the motor vehicle code, which, prior to [1978], were classified as misdemeanors.[21] Prosecuting and processing misdemeanor and felony crimes can be more time-consuming and expensive than enforcing civil infractions, which are usually resolved with fewer government resources. There are three categories of statutory legal violations: misdemeanor crimes, felony crimes and civil infractions. . Michigan uses a system called indeterminate sentencing to calculate an appropriate prison sentence. @b V,2@HpEc"L@#? " | For concurrent sentences for two distinct crimes, he will serve the longer of the two sentences fully. Department of Natural Resources. This crime carries a mandatory two-year prison sentence that must be served consecutively with the sentence for the underlying felony. [t] Informal hearings are normally held by a district court magistrate, and parties are not allowed to be represented by attorneys; formal rules of practice, procedure and evidence do not apply. Box 568 The web Browser you are currently using is unsupported, and some features of this site may not work as intended. The phrase simply serves to distinguish a misdemeanor as a crime, which allows the government to incarcerate an offender, from a noncriminal civil infraction, which is not punishable by incarceration. State Park Campground Violations State Land Violations Online Payments Economic Development Online Map, Services and Notices Final Performance Dashboard Notify Me Report a Concern Contact Us Roscommon County Building & Courthouse 500 Lake Street Roscommon, MI 48653 Phone: 989-275-8021 Fax: 989-275-3161 Email Us FAQs hb```f ea8 200faag8 The Michigan Sentencing Guidelines also contain a chart that lists crimes along with their group, class and MCL reference.